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The ovarian transcriptomes posted here were produced by Adrian Reich and published as Phylogenomic Analyses of Echinodermata Support the Sister Groups of Asterozoa and Echinozoa. Below are several excerpts from his thesis explaining the data.
Echinoderms (sea urchins, sea stars, brittle stars, sea lilies and sea cucumbers) are a very rich group of organisms, second only in the number of species in Deuterostomia after chordates. Echinoderms serve as excellent model systems for developmental biology due to their diverse developmental mechanisms, tractable laboratory use, and close phylogenetic distance to chordates. In addition, echinoderms are very well represented in the fossil record, including some larval features, making echinoderms a valuable system for studying evolutionary development. However, the phylogenetic relationships within the phylum have been contentious; generating little overlap between molecular, morphological and combined analyses. In order to resolve the controversies, we sequenced 23 de novo transcriptomes from all five classes of echinoderms. Using multiple phylogenetic methods at a variety of sampling depths we have constructed a well-supported phylogenetic tree of Echinodermata, including support for the sister groups of Asterozoa (sea stars and brittle stars) and Echinozoa (sea urchins and sea cucumbers). The larger of the two analyzed datasets includes 630,945 amino acid sites across 4,645 peptide sequences and 30 taxa. These results will help inform developmental and evolutionary studies specifically in echinoderms and deuterostomes in general. Adrian Reich Thesis 2014 p. 13
The raw reads and assembled transcriptomes in this collection have been deposited in the GenBank database (NCBI BioProject no. PRJNA236087). Assembly statistics and agalma resource reports can be found at: https://bitbucket.org/AdrianReich/phylogenetic-analysis-of-echinoderms.
Table 1: Assembly and post assembly summary by taxa. Adrian Reich Thesis 2014 p. 32
Species | Assembled Transcripts | Sample Source | SwissProt Transcripts | SwissProt N50 |
Aplysia californica | 26,249 | RefSeq | 18,424 | 4,099 |
Branchiostoma floridae | 28,575 | RefSeq | 21,881 | 2,127 |
Gallus gallus | 36,995 | RefSeq | 31,868 | 4,527 |
Homo sapiens | 91,944 | RefSeq | 77,696 | 4,208 |
Nematostella vectensis | 24,462 | RefSeq | 18,261 | 1,609 | Saccoglossus kowalevskii | 12,851 | RefSeq | 10,936 | 2,294 |
Strongylocentrotus purpuratus | 23,078 | RefSeq | 19,554 | 4,363 |
Ophiocoma wendtii | 5,025 | 454 | 1,995 | 771 |
Ophionotus victoriae | 3,210 | 454 | 694 | 1,645 |
Parastichopus parvimensis | 107,585 | 72bp PE | 34,809 | 3,076 |
Eucidaris tribuloides | 45,385 | 80bp PE | 7,410 | 1,307 |
Patiria miniata | 76,847 | 80bp PE | 24,679 | 2,494 |
Oxycomanthus japonicus | 39,225 | 80bp PE | 15,868 | 2,816 |
Ophiocoma echinata | 111,491 | 80bp PE | 21,485 | 2,454 |
Lytechinus variegatus | 90,621 | 80bp PE | 25,994 | 2,914 |
Asterias forbesi | 68,714 | 80bp PE | 22,625 | 2,784 |
Sclerodactyla briareus | 58,273 | 80bp PE | 19,297 | 3,154 |
Asterias rubens | 81,470 | 100bp PE | 25,733 | 2,349 |
Henricia species | 137,160 | 100bp PE | 36,754 | 2,231 |
Echinaster spinulosus | 119,580 | 100bp PE | 34,231 | 2,314 |
Echinarachnius parma | 96,977 | 100bp PE | 26,016 | 2,017 |
Leptasterias species | 108,544 | 100bp PE | 33,803 | 3,172 |
Luidia clathrata | 84,380 | 100bp PE | 23,407 | 1,835 |
Marthasterias glacialis | 118,847 | 100bp PE | 28,327 | 1,928 |
Pisaster ochraceus | 37,111 | 100bp PE | 10,361 | 1,225 |
Parastichopus californicus | 30,607 | 100bp PE | 10,379 | 1,132 |
Sphaerechinus granularis | 92,460 | 100bp PE | 24,024 | 2,008 |
Apostichopus japonicus | 85,061 | 100bp PE | 26,902 | 1,943 |
Patiria pectinifera | 118,294 | 100bp PE | 33,009 | 1,746 |
Asterias amurensis | 63,300 | 100bp PE | 19,592 | 2,088 |